The development of Molybdenum/Manganese metallization has revolutionized ceramic-to-metal brazed assemblies, offering exceptional mechanical strength and electrical insulation. Initially utilized in vacuum electronic devices, this technology has since found application across diverse sectors such as semiconductors, integrated circuits, aerospace, and more.
Material selection plays a pivotal role in achieving optimal vacuum brazing outcomes. This discussion primarily focuses on three key material categories for ceramic-to-metal applications:
Ceramics
- Al2O3
- BeO
- BN
- AlN
- Metals
Kovar alloy
- OFC (Oxygen-Free Copper)
- Stainless steel
- Mild steel
Solders
- Ag (Silver)
- Ag-Cu (Silver-Copper)
- Cu (Copper)
- Au-Cu (Gold-Copper)
- Au-Ni (Gold-Nickel)
Ceramic materials, notably Al2O3, are preferred for their high-temperature stability and compatible thermal expansion coefficients. Overcoming challenges such as non-wettability and thermal expansion differentials between ceramics and metals is achieved through meticulous soldering or brazing processes.
Metal layers are applied to ceramic components through Mo/Mn metallization and subsequent plating or active brazing techniques. The fusion of ceramic and metal components occurs through the controlled melting and solidification of filler metals (solders), tailored to specific applications and operating temperatures.
Advancements_in_Ceramic-to-Metal_Technology
Advantages of Ceramic-to-Metal Technology:
The incorporation of advanced ceramic materials offers an array of benefits including high melting points, exceptional temperature resistance, corrosion and abrasion resistance, as well as unique electrical properties such as radiation, high-frequency, and high-voltage resistance. With the evolving landscape of technology, engineering structures often necessitate the synergistic integration of advanced ceramics and metals to harness the complementary strengths of both materials, ultimately optimizing performance.
Through the innovation of ceramic-to-metal brazing, the performance of welded joints is enhanced, enabling operation in elevated temperatures and hostile environments, thereby expanding the spectrum of application possibilities.
By leveraging the ultimate fusion of ceramics and metals, this breakthrough technology heralds a new era of engineering excellence, poised to drive advancements across diverse industries.